\u00d6deme g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen kira bedelinin \u00f6denmemesi h\u00e2linde, kiraya verene s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi feshetme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliye davas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131;
1-) Hakl\u0131 sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131,
2-) \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar\u0131n ayn\u0131 kira s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131,
3-) \u0130htar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131,
4-) Davan\u0131n kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n bitiminden itibaren 1 ay i\u00e7inde davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015feklinde s\u0131ralanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu’nun 2017\/1289 E. Ve 2021\/1314 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131nda; \u00d6denmeyen aylar \u00fcst \u00fcste gelen iki ay bile olsa kiraya verenin her ay kira bedeli i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ihtar \u00e7ekmi\u015f olmas\u0131 , ihtar ile hangi ay\u0131n kira bedelinin \u00f6denmedi\u011fi ve kira bedelinin otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6denmesi ve \u00f6denmedi\u011fi takdirde tahliye davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ikazlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermesi gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde h\u00fck\u00fcm tesis edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu’nun 2017\/1289 E. Ve 2021\/1314 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
MAHKEMES\u0130 :Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi
1. Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki \u201ciki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliye\u201d davas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda, Konya 3. Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesince verilen davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne ili\u015fkin karar daval\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine Yarg\u0131tay (Kapat\u0131lan) 6. Hukuk Dairesince yap\u0131lan inceleme sonunda bozulmu\u015f, Mahkemece \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 direnilmi\u015ftir.
2. Direnme karar\u0131 daval\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015ftir.
3. Hukuk Genel Kurulunca dosyadaki belgeler incelendikten sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc:
I. YARGILAMA S\u00dcREC\u0130
Davac\u0131 \u0130stemi:
4. Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde; m\u00fcvekkili ile daval\u0131 aras\u0131nda 24.08.2012 tarihli ve ayl\u0131k 1.500TL kira bedelli bir y\u0131ll\u0131k kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ayl\u0131k kira bedelinin daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan her ay\u0131n yirmibe\u015finci g\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcvekkilinin banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131n\u0131n 2012 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n (do\u011frusu 2013 y\u0131l\u0131) Haziran ve Temmuz aylar\u0131 kira bedellerini \u00f6demedi\u011fini ve kendisine iki hakl\u0131 ihtar \u00e7ekilmesine sebebiyet verdi\u011fini, Haziran ay\u0131na ait kira bedelinin \u00f6denmemesi \u00fczerine 10 Temmuz 2013 tarihinde Konya 6. Noterli\u011finin 12916 yevmiye numaral\u0131 ve Temmuz ay\u0131na ait kira bedelinin \u00f6denmemesi \u00fczerine 02 A\u011fustos 2013 tarihinde Konya 6. Noterli\u011finin 14147 yevmiye numaral\u0131 ihtarname ke\u015fide edildi\u011fini, daval\u0131n\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n kira bedelini 14.08.2013 tarihinde, Temmuz ay\u0131n\u0131n kira bedelini ise ancak kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin bitti\u011fi tarihten sonra 26.08.2013 tarihinde \u00f6dedi\u011fini, daval\u0131n\u0131n kiralanan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131 h\u00e2len kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun (TBK) 352\/2. maddesi gere\u011fince kiralanandan tahliyesine karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.
Daval\u0131 Cevab\u0131:
5. Daval\u0131 vekili cevap dilek\u00e7esinde; davac\u0131n\u0131n ihtara konu etti\u011fi kira bedellerinin m\u00fcvekkili taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6dendi\u011fini, davac\u0131n\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 TBK\u2019n\u0131n 352\/2. maddesinin ayn\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 315. maddesi ile birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesinin gerekti\u011fini, kirac\u0131n\u0131n kira bedelini belirlenen vadeden sonra fakat otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck mehil s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde yat\u0131rmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde kiraya verenin kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini feshedemeyece\u011fini, TBK\u2019n\u0131n 352. maddesine g\u00f6re verilen ihtarlar neticesinde kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kendili\u011finden sona ermeyece\u011fini, davac\u0131 taraf\u0131n m\u00fcvekkilinden kaynaklanan herhangi bir zarar\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuk\u00ee yarar\u0131n da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Konya 3. Noterli\u011finin 09.07.2013 tarihli ve 13454 yevmiye numaral\u0131 ihtarnamesinde a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere davac\u0131n\u0131n, m\u00fcvekkilinin Sel\u00e7uklu Belediyesinden alaca\u011f\u0131 ruhsat ba\u015fvurusunun olumsuz sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi dilek\u00e7e nedeniyle m\u00fcvekkiline ruhsat verilmedi\u011fini, m\u00fcvekkilinin kiralananda mesleki faaliyetini yapmas\u0131n\u0131n davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan engellendi\u011fini, m\u00fcvekkilinin i\u015fyerini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ramad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu masraflar ile davac\u0131ya aksatmadan \u00f6dedi\u011fi kiralar nedeniyle ma\u011fdur oldu\u011funu belirterek davan\u0131n reddini savunmu\u015ftur.
Mahkeme Karar\u0131:
6. Konya 3. Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesinin 24.12.2013 tarihli ve 2013\/1166 E., 2013\/1548 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; taraflar\u0131n iddialar\u0131n\u0131n ve ibraz ettikleri delillerin de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi, bir kira d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7erisinde daval\u0131 taraf\u0131n iki hakl\u0131 ihtar \u00e7ekilmesine sebebiyet verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile daval\u0131n\u0131n kiralanandan tahliyesine karar verilmi\u015ftir.
\u00d6zel Daire Bozma Karar\u0131:
7. Mahkemenin yukar\u0131da belirtilen karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde daval\u0131 vekili temyiz isteminde bulunmu\u015ftur.
8. Yarg\u0131tay (Kapat\u0131lan) 6. Hukuk Dairesinin 06.03.2014 tarihli ve 2014\/2484 E., 2014\/2629 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; \u201c\u2026Dava, iki hakl\u0131 ihtar sebebiyle kiralanan\u0131n tahliyesi istemine ili\u015fkindir. Mahkemece davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcm daval\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015ftir.
6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun kirac\u0131 aleyhine d\u00fczenleme yasa\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 346. maddesinde; kirac\u0131ya kira bedeli ve yan giderler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc getirilemeyece\u011fi, \u00f6zellikle kira bedelinin zaman\u0131nda \u00f6denmemesi halinde ceza ko\u015fulu \u00f6denece\u011fine veya sonraki kira bedellerinin muaccel olaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin anla\u015fmalar\u0131n ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011fu, 6101 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Uygulama \u015eekli Hakk\u0131nda Kanunun Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe etkili olma ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2. maddesinde; T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun kamu d\u00fczenine ve genel ahlaka ili\u015fkin kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikleri tarihe bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn fiil ve i\u015flemlere uygulanaca\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 kanunun g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte olan davalara ili\u015fkin uygulama ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 7. maddesinde de; T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun kamu d\u00fczenine ve genel ahlaka ili\u015fkin kurallar\u0131 ile ge\u00e7ici \u00f6demelere ili\u015fkin 76’nc\u0131, faize ili\u015fkin 88’nci, temerr\u00fct faizine ili\u015fkin 120’nci ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ifa g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin 138’nci maddesinin g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte olan davalara da uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kirac\u0131y\u0131 koruma amac\u0131yla getirilen TBK.nun 346. maddesindeki bu yasal d\u00fczenlemenin kamu d\u00fczenine ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu ku\u015fkusuzdur. Bununla birlikte 6217 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n ge\u00e7ici 2. maddesinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapan 6353 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 53. maddesine g\u00f6re; kirac\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nda tacir olarak say\u0131lan ki\u015filer ile \u00f6zel hukuk ve kamu hukuku t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri oldu\u011fu i\u015fyeri kiralar\u0131nda 6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 323, 325, 331, 340, 343, 344, 346 ve 354’nc\u00fc maddelerinin 1.7.2012 tarihinden itibaren 8 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131, bu halde kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde bu maddelerde belirtilmi\u015f olan konulara ili\u015fkin olarak s\u00f6zle\u015fme serbestisi gere\u011fi kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin tatbik olunaca\u011f\u0131 da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
Taraflar aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi 24.3.2012 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihli ve bir y\u0131l s\u00fcrelidir. Kiralanan daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan S.P.A. Terapi G\u00fczellik \u015eifa Merkezi olarak i\u015fyeri ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere kiralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u00f6zel \u015fartlar b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 3. maddesinde kira \u00f6demelerinden herhangi bir zaman\u0131nda \u00f6denmedi\u011fi takdirde o y\u0131la ait kalan kira paralar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n muaccel hale gelece\u011fi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011finden kirac\u0131n\u0131n TTK.nu kapsam\u0131nda tacir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda mahkemece kirac\u0131n\u0131n tacir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, tacir olmas\u0131 durumunda hakk\u0131nda TBK.nun 346. maddesinin 1.7.2012 tarihinden itibaren 8 y\u0131l s\u00fcre ile uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeli, tacir olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde ise; yeni yasal d\u00fczenleme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bu ko\u015fulun daval\u0131 kirac\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7ersiz hale geldi\u011fi kabul edilerek de\u011ferlendirmenin buna g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sonucuna g\u00f6re karar verilmesi gerekirken, bu husus \u00fczerinde durulmadan yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm tesisi usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d gerek\u00e7esi ile karar bozulmu\u015ftur.
Direnme Karar\u0131:
9. Konya 3. Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesinin 05.03.2015 tarihli ve 2015\/134 E., 2015\/306 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; \u00d6zel Daire, daval\u0131n\u0131n tacir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015f ise de, daval\u0131 taraf\u0131n dava dilek\u00e7esinin tebli\u011f edilmesinden itibaren yarg\u0131lama a\u015famas\u0131nda kendisinin tacir oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde herhangi bir iddia ve savunmada bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki iki hakl\u0131 ihtar\u0131n kendisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir itiraz\u0131n\u0131n da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019na (HMK) g\u00f6re hukuk mahkemesinin ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi re\u2019sen ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca daval\u0131n\u0131n tacir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 gerektirecek kanuni bir zorunlulu\u011fun da olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle direnme karar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.
Direnme Karar\u0131n\u0131n Temyizi:
10. Direnme karar\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde daval\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015ftir.
II. UYU\u015eMAZLIK
11. Direnme yolu ile Hukuk Genel Kurulu \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k; somut olayda mahkemece, daval\u0131 kirac\u0131n\u0131n tacir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi buradan var\u0131lacak sonuca g\u00f6re iki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliyeye karar verilip verilemeyece\u011fi noktas\u0131nda toplanmaktad\u0131r.
III. GEREK\u00c7E
12. Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6ncelikle kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin hukuksal niteli\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r.
13. Kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kiraya verenin bir \u015feyin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte ondan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kirac\u0131ya b\u0131rakmay\u0131, kirac\u0131n\u0131n da buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan kira bedelini \u00f6demeyi \u00fcstlendi\u011fi s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Bu tan\u0131mdan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 edimleri i\u00e7eren bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir.
14. Ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, bir bedel kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in tarafa veya ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r veya ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n veya bir hakk\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iradelerin birle\u015fmesi suretiyle olu\u015fur. Kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar\u0131, kiraya verilen maldan bedel kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yararlanan kirac\u0131 ile yararlanmaya raz\u0131 olan kiralayand\u0131r.
15. Kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde kirac\u0131n\u0131n asli edim y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fc, kira bedelini \u00f6demesi; kiraya verenin asli edim y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fc ise, kiralanan\u0131 kira s\u00fcresince kirac\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na haz\u0131r bulundurmas\u0131d\u0131r. TBK\u2019n\u0131n 301. maddesine g\u00f6re \u201cKiraya veren, kiralanan\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan tarihte, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede ama\u00e7lanan kullan\u0131ma elveri\u015fli bir durumda teslim etmek ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresince bu durumda bulundurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d Kiraya verenin teslim borcunu yerine getirmesi tek ba\u015f\u0131na asli edim y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirmesi anlam\u0131na gelmemekte olup s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresince de kiralanan\u0131 kullan\u0131ma elveri\u015fli bir \u015fekilde bulundurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.
16. Bu a\u015famada \u201ciki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliye” davalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r.
17. \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliye davalar\u0131 6570 say\u0131l\u0131 Gayrimenkul Kiralar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un (6570 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun) 7. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (e) bendinde d\u00fczenlenmekte iken TBK\u2019n\u0131n 352. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re: \u201cKirac\u0131, bir y\u0131ldan k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde kira s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde; bir y\u0131l ve daha uzun s\u00fcreli kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde ise bir kira y\u0131l\u0131 veya bir kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde kira bedelini \u00f6demedi\u011fi i\u00e7in kendisine yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak iki hakl\u0131 ihtarda bulunulmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015fsa kiraya veren, kira s\u00fcresinin ve bir y\u0131ldan uzun s\u00fcreli kiralarda ihtarlar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n bitiminden ba\u015flayarak bir ay i\u00e7inde, dava yoluyla kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini sona erdirebilir.\u201d G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere TBK\u2019n\u0131n 352\/1. maddesinde \u201cyaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak iki hakl\u0131 ihtarda bulunulmas\u0131na sebep olma\u201d kavram\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir.
18. Daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde kirac\u0131n\u0131n esas edimi kiralanan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6demeyi \u00fcstlendi\u011fi kira bedelidir. Kirac\u0131, aksine s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve yerel \u00e2det olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, kira bedelini ve gerekiyorsa yan giderleri, her ay\u0131n sonunda ve en ge\u00e7 kira s\u00fcresinin bitiminde \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr (TBK m. 314). \u00d6deme g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen kira bedelinin \u00f6denmemesi h\u00e2linde, kiraya verene TBK\u2019n\u0131n 315. maddesi uyar\u0131nca temerr\u00fct ihtar\u0131nda bulunarak verilecek s\u00fcrede \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi fesih yetkisi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kirac\u0131n\u0131n bu temerr\u00fct ihtar\u0131yla verilen s\u00fcrede \u00f6demeyi yapmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, TBK\u2019n\u0131n 315. maddesi gere\u011fince kiraya verenin kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini fesih yetkisi yoksa da kanun koyucu, TBK\u2019n\u0131n 352\/2. maddesindeki d\u00fczenleme ile kirac\u0131n\u0131n kira bedelini her defas\u0131nda temerr\u00fct ihtar\u0131yla \u00f6demesi durumuna kar\u015f\u0131 kiraya vereni koruyarak bu \u201cihtar ile \u00f6deme\u201d nin suistimal edilmesini \u00f6nlemek istemi\u015ftir. Genel itibariyle her iki d\u00fczenlemenin (TBK m. 315 ve m. 352\/2) kirac\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle \u00f6demeyi \u00fcstlendi\u011fi kira paras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6dememe ya da (ihtar\u0131n tebli\u011finden sonra olmak \u00fczere) ge\u00e7 \u00f6deme sebebine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.
19. \u0130htar\u0131n kira bedelinin belirli bir ifa zaman\u0131nda \u00f6denmemesi nedeniyle g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olmas\u0131yla kiraya verenin hakl\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar\u0131n ayn\u0131 kira s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 bir \u00f6n \u015fart olarak say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 kira s\u00fcresinden anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ise, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bir y\u0131ldan k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli oldu\u011funda taraflarca kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bu s\u00fcre, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bir y\u0131l ise bu ilk bir y\u0131l ve TBK\u2019n\u0131n 347\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca birer y\u0131l yenilemelerde uzayan birer y\u0131llarda, bir y\u0131ldan daha uzun s\u00fcreli kiralarda ise kiran\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihine g\u00f6re hesaplanabilecek olan birer kira y\u0131l\u0131 veya bir kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan s\u00fcrenin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir (Kan\u0131k, Hikmet: Yarg\u0131tay Uygulamas\u0131nda Kira Hukuku Davalar\u0131, Ankara 2021, s. 1304-1305).
20. \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliyeye karar verilebilmesi i\u00e7in, ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde kirac\u0131n\u0131n muaccel oldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde iki ay\u0131n kira bedelini \u00f6dememesi, kiraya verenin de \u00f6denmeyen her bir ay kira bedeli i\u00e7in kirac\u0131ya ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00f6deme ihtar\u0131nda bulunmu\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u0130htarlar\u0131n kira bedellerinin muaccel olmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6denmeyen aylar \u00fcst \u00fcste gelen iki ay bile olsa kiraya verenin her ay kira bedeli i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ihtar \u00e7ekmi\u015f olmas\u0131 aran\u0131r. \u0130htar ile hangi ay\u0131n kira bedelinin \u00f6denmedi\u011fi ve kira bedelinin otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fi, \u00f6denmedi\u011fi takdirde tahliye davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ikazlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermelidir. \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar\u0131n bir kira d\u00f6neminde ve bir y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki aylarla ilgili olmas\u0131 ve o y\u0131l i\u00e7inde kirac\u0131ya tebli\u011f edilmesi zorunludur. \u0130htar kirac\u0131ya tebli\u011f edildikten sonra \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kiraya verenin hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaz (Kan\u0131k, 1306).
21. Yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olay de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; taraflar aras\u0131nda 24.08.2012 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihli ve bir y\u0131l s\u00fcreli kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ayl\u0131k kira bedelinin daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan her ay\u0131n yirmibe\u015finci g\u00fcn\u00fc davac\u0131 kiraya verenin banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daval\u0131n\u0131n 2013 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Haziran ve Temmuz aylar\u0131 kira bedellerini \u00f6dememesi \u00fczerine, davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Haziran ay\u0131na ait kira bedeli i\u00e7in 10.07.2013 tarihinde Konya 6. Noterli\u011finin 12916 yevmiye numaral\u0131 ihtarname, Temmuz ay\u0131na ait kira bedeli i\u00e7in ise 02.08.2013 tarihinde Konya 6. Noterli\u011finin 14147 yevmiye numaral\u0131 ihtarname ke\u015fide edilmi\u015ftir. Daval\u0131n\u0131n, Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n kira bedelini 14.08.2013 tarihinde, Temmuz ay\u0131n\u0131n kira bedelini ise 26.08.2013 tarihinde \u00f6dedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda kirac\u0131n\u0131n, kira bedellerini s\u00f6zle\u015fmede kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan s\u00fcrede \u00f6demedi\u011fi, kendisine iki hakl\u0131 ihtar ke\u015fide edilmesine sebebiyet verdi\u011fi ve ke\u015fide edilen ihtarlar\u0131n yukar\u0131da belirtilen \u015fartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup, mahkemece iki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle kirac\u0131n\u0131n kiralanandan tahliyesine ili\u015fkin direnme karar\u0131 usul ve yasaya uygun olup, yerindedir.
22. Ne var ki, \u00d6zel Dairece bozma nedenine g\u00f6re davan\u0131n esas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik di\u011fer temyiz itirazlar\u0131 incelenmedi\u011finden, bu y\u00f6nde inceleme yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere dosyan\u0131n \u00d6zel Daireye g\u00f6nderilmesi gerekir.
IV. SONU\u00c7:
A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle;
Direnme uygun olup daval\u0131 vekilinin sair y\u00f6nlere ili\u015fkin temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi i\u00e7in dosyan\u0131n YARGITAY 3. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130NE G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,
Ancak karar d\u00fczeltme yolunun a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 sebebiyle \u00f6ncelikle mahkemesince Hukuk Genel Kurulu karar\u0131n\u0131n taraflara tebli\u011fi ile karar d\u00fczeltme yoluna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde dosyan\u0131n Hukuk Genel Kuruluna, ba\u015fvurulmamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde ise mahkemesince do\u011frudan YARGITAY 3. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130NE G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,
6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nun Ge\u00e7ici 3. maddesine g\u00f6re uygulanmakta olan 1086 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Usul\u00fc Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nun 440. maddesi uyar\u0131nca karar\u0131n tebli\u011f tarihinden itibaren on be\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde karar d\u00fczeltme yolu a\u00e7\u0131k olmak \u00fczere, 02.11.2021 tarihinde oy birli\u011fi ile karar verildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00d6deme g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen kira bedelinin \u00f6denmemesi h\u00e2linde, kiraya verene s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi feshetme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar nedeniyle tahliye davas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131;1-) Hakl\u0131 sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131,2-) \u0130ki hakl\u0131 ihtar\u0131n ayn\u0131 kira s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131,3-) \u0130htar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131,4-) Davan\u0131n kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n bitiminden itibaren 1 ay i\u00e7inde davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015feklinde<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-av-hande-yetik"],"yoast_head":"\n